Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs. Lungs are two spongy organs in the chest that take in oxygen when we inhale and release carbon dioxide when we exhale. It is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. People who smoke have the highest risk of lung cancer, but lung cancer can also occur in people who have never smoked. How long you smoke and how many cigarettes you smoke increase your risk of lung cancer. Even after smoking for a long time, quitting smoking can significantly reduce your chances of getting lung cancer.
Overview Lung cancer develops in lung tissue, usually alveolar cells. It is the leading cause of death from cancer in both men and women. There are two general types of lung cancer include: Small cell lung cancer: Small cell lung cancer occurs almost exclusively in smokers and is less common than non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer is a general term for several types of lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Signs & Symptoms Signs and symptoms of lung cancer may include:
Causes Smoking causes most lung cancers in both smokers and secondhand smokers. However, lung cancer also occurs in nonsmokers and in people who have never been exposed to secondhand smoke. In these cases, there cannot be an obvious cause of lung cancer. Diagnosis & Tests Tests may include:
Treatment Procedure People at high risk of lung cancer may consider annual lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography. Lung cancer screening is usually done in older people who have smoked for many years. Medical procedures are important in the early stages of lung cancer treatment in India. The type of medical procedure depends on the size and area of the lung tumor, the extent of the cancer, the patient's overall strength, and other factors. Many medical procedures end with a long entry point on the side of the chest known as a thoracotomy. Some early-stage tumors can be treated with video-assisted chest surgery (VATS). This operation uses several small incisions (instead of one large incision) and special long surgical instruments. Types of surgery include: Segmental or wedge resection: Removal of only a small part of the lung Lobectomy: Removal of an entire lobe of the lung Pneumonectomy: Removal of an entire lung Sleeve resection: After the bronchial fragment is removed, the lung is attached to the remaining bronchi. Decision tree Many people with cell destruction in the lungs experience shortness of breath or later during the course of the disease. Supplemental oxygen and prescription medications can make you feel better, but they are not 100% sufficient. Prevention & Risk Factors Risk factors
Don't smoke
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September 2022
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